16 results
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
neurocognitive disorders ... functions - Aphaso-apraxo-agnosia ... syndrome - Hippocampal ... hallucinations - Movement disorders ... Frontotemporal dementia
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
mutations - Down syndrome ... incontinence, apraxia ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia ... #pathophysiology
Localizing Extraocular Movement Disorders
 • CN Ill (Oculomotor) Nerve Palsy 
 • CN IV (Trochlear) Nerve
Extraocular Movement Disorders ... One-and-a-half Syndrome ... Extraocular #Movement #Disorders ... ophthalmology #neurology ... differential #diagnosis #ocular
Causes of Hemiplegia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cerebral Hemisphere (Contralateral motor cortex)
 • Aphasia
 • Apraxia
 •
• Aphasia • Apraxia ... Cognition/Confusion, Dementia ... Brown-Sequard Syndrome ... #Hemiplegia #Neurology
Fecal Incontinence - Pathogenesis and Complications
Continence mechanisms are impaired
 • Local neuronal damage
 • External and
ignored • Movement Disorders ... irritable bowel syndrome ... (e.g. stroke, dementia ... Incontinence #geriatrics #pathophysiology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
impairment • HIV dementia ... Pathophysiology ... The clinical syndrome ... #dementia #AIDS ... #Neurology
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
desaturation, Scotoma, Ocular ... Other brainstem syndromes ... Comorbid autoimmune disorders ... erythematosus, Sjögren syndrome ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology
Pisa Syndrome (pleurothotonus) on Physical Exam
A tonic flexion of the trunk of the body to one
Pisa Syndrome (pleurothotonus ... neurodegenerative disorders ... Pathophysiology: ... FatimahDandan #Pisa #Syndrome ... PhysicalExam #clinical #neurology
Anticonvulsants as Mood Stabilizers: Mechanism and Side-effect
Examples: Valproate, Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine
 • Mild anticholinergic effect -> Drowsiness
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome ... relapse of bipolar disorder ... , asthenia • Neurologic ... #SideEffects #Pathophysiology
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Demyelinating Syndrome ... Headache, Movement disorders ... , Seizure disorders ... Disease, PRES Pathophysiology ... Erythematosus #SLE #CNS #neurology