19 results
Acute Rheumatic Fever: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Delayed autoimmune reaction
-> Molecular mimicry
-> GAS antigen cross-reacts with host
->
Acute Rheumatic Fever ... • Arthralgia ... Pancarditis and valvular ... RheumaticFever #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
Deposition - Arthralgia ... trabecular thinning -> Avascular ... Myopathy (Also caused ... Complications #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
tract, and often causes ... Coronary arteries - Fever ... : • Fevers • ... Night sweats • Arthralgias ... purpura: strong sign
IgA Vasculitis – Henoch Scholein Purpura: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 - Infectious Agents - 50% have
periumbilical region), nausea ... nephrotic/nephritic syndrome ... Joints (60-85%) - Arthralgia's ... HenochScholeinPurpura #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Night sweats • Arthralgias ... purpura: Strong sign ... , weight loss, arthralgia ... pulse deficits vascular ... tract, and often causes
Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Medical Comorbidities Malignancies (most commonly hairy-cell leukemia)
Immunogenetic Predisposition: patient is
Viral replication causes ... direct injury to vascular ... PolyarteritisNodosa #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms #Vasculitis
Sweet Syndrome

Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis (Sweets Syndrome) is a skin condition characterized by fever and inflamed
characterized by fever ... Episcleritis Signs ... (arthritis and arthralgia ... Causes: - Idiopathic ... Leukocytoclastic vasculitis
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... osmolarity If cause ... clinical context and signs ... Glomerulonephritis / Vasculits ... • Cardio-renal syndrome
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
share the same pathophysiology ... • Other rare causes ... Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ... arrhythmia • Valvular ... Overproduction #diagnosis #signs
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
hypertension and signs ... renal bruit or signs ... Causes: • Vascular ... Coarctation of aorta, Vasculitis ... White-coat syndrome