27 results
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Workup of Hypercalcemia ... Skeletal metastatic disease ... Granulomatous diseases ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Workup ... #nephrology #PTH
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... • Tumor lysis/hemolysis ... • Interstitial nephritis ... Normal, Renin High ... Diagnosis #algorithm #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
venipuncture • Hemolysis ... phlebotomy High ... cell lysis: - Hemolysis ... • Addison’s disease ... #nephrology
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... Tissue injury • Hemolysis ... glycosides • High ... blockers - MCW Nephrology ... MCW_Nephrology #HyperKalemia
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
venipuncture • Hemolysis ... phlebotomy High ... cell lysis: - Hemolysis ... • Addison’s disease ... #nephrology
Workup for Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hyperphosphatemia: paraproteinemia, hyperlipidemia, hemolysis, hyperbilirubinemia, liposomal amphotericin
Workup for Hyperphosphatemia ... hyperlipidemia, hemolysis ... lysis syndrome, Hemolysis ... acidosis, DKA Kidney Disease ... #phosphate #nephrology
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
red blood cells/high-power ... impairment), heart disease ... sclera), lungs (hemoptysis ... #proteinuria #nephrotic ... #syndrome #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Acidosis Causes of High-anion ... Hypokalemia ... progressive kidney disease ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
NSAIDS and their effects on the Kidney - Pathophysiology

Arachidonic Acid metabolites into alternative pathways that modify
Minimal Change Disease ... hyporenin hypoaldo, hyperkalemic ... Acute Interstitial Nephritis ... KidneyDisease #nephrology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
for glomerular disease ... LDH - Assess for hemolysis ... of glomerular disease ... glomerular #testing #workup ... #nephritic #nephrology