17 results
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
Alzheimer’s Disease ... / Symptoms / Complications ... incontinence, apraxia ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia #pathophysiology ... #symptoms
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ... Myopathy (Also caused ... Musculoskeletal #Complications ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Clinical Features of Systemic Lupus (SLE)
General: Fever (50%), Depression, Fatigue (75%), Weight loss (50%)
Eye: Sjögrens (15%)
Skin
Features of Systemic Lupus ... Fits, Hemiplegia, Ataxia ... pain (20%) Renal disease ... erythematosus #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous Manifestations

 • Langerhan cells and keratinocytes release cytokines -> localized inflammatory response ->
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous ... hair follicles -> causes ... Manifestations #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #complications
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
involvement: Intractable nausea ... pain • Extra-CNS complications ... disorders (Systemic lupus ... diagnosis #neurology #symptoms ... #signs
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... → Syncope • Signs ... /Symptoms: - Lightheadedness ... electrolyte losses - Ataxia ... muscle function, Ataxia
Features of a Sickle Cell Crisis 
Sickle-cell disease - an autosomal recessive blood disorder.
Characterized by red
Sickle-cell disease ... The underlying pathophysiology ... ischaemia. 2) Aplasia ... Crisis #Features #Signs ... #Symptoms
Acute Closed Angle Glaucoma: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
OPHTHALMIC EMERGENCY: Early detection is essential, but most patients
• The disease ... • Significant cause ... damage & blindness Signs ... / Symptoms / Complications ... ClosedAngle #Glaucoma #pathophysiology
Allopecia - Differential Diagnosis Framework for Hair Loss

Localized / Focal Hair Loss Pattern:
 • Scarring Alopecia:
Capitis - Skin Disease ... : Discoid lupus ... Scarring Alopecia: Lupus ... Examination: • Signs ... Differential #Diagnosis #dermatology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
findings: • Symptoms ... and signs below ... often- Sensory ataxia ... Non-compressive Spinal Cord Causes ... Sarcoidosis, Behcet disease