21 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
and Diagnosis Algorithm ... repeat testing • Acute ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... for renal biopsy ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis
Renal:
 - Glomerular - IgA Nephropathy, Thin basement membrane, Alport syndrome,
Renal: - Glomerular ... - Structural - Cysts ... Medullary sponge kidney ... necrosis, Sickle cell disease ... #urology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
basement membrane disease ... : - RBC casts ... of glomerular disease ... Cystitis • Bladder stones ... #nephrology #renal
Hematuria in Post-Renal Transplant Patient
Prevalence up to 12% in the postrenal transplant patient
 • Bacterial: Escherichia
Hematuria in Post-Renal ... , Busulfan • Disease ... #differential #diagnosis ... urine #management #treatment ... #nephrology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Disease Associations ... are seen in acute ... broad - Advanced kidney ... tubulointerstitial nephritis, renal ... Differential #Microscopy #Diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Patients with Cancer 

Cancer Related 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Intravenous contrast 
•
Acute Kidney Injury ... Light chain (LC) cast ... gammopathy of renal ... malignancies Treatment ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
life-threatening diseases ... , proteinuria, hematuria ... Inflammatory eye disease ... , RBC casts, low ... #management #treatment
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... Torsemide) • Acute ... stones caused by ... hyperaldosteronism • Acute ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
proteinuria as a disease ... state. ... used with normal renal ... Acute Kidney Injury ... #glucosuria #hematuria
IgG4-Related Disease
Clinical history:  Man, 60 years, multiorgan involvement, unique or multiple inflammatory pseudotumor
4 phenotypes:
 •
IgG4-Related Disease ... pancreas, biliary, renal ... lesions, meninges, kidneys ... hypergammaglobulinemia, ↑ acute ... maintenance with GCs