32 results
Risk Factors and Signs of Copper Deficiency
Risk Factors:
 • Gastrointestinal: Previous upper bowel resection/bariatric surgery, Inflammatory
, Chronic diarrhoea ... dental fixatives, Treatment ... • Nutritional: ... /jejunal nutrition ... Musculoskeletal: Low
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... losses (NG suction, diarrhea ... vomiting) • Low ... #nephrology #low
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift
 • Recovery From DKA
 • Refeeding Syndrome
 • Acute Respiratory
Hypophosphatemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Small bowel diarrhea ... Inflammatory Bowel Disease ... Steatorrhea • Chronic Diarrhea
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Algorithm for the Evaluation of Chronic Diarrhea (< 7 days)
Exclude:
1. Causes of acute diarrhea
2. Lactose intolerance
3.
Algorithm for the ... Causes of acute ... Systemic disease ... #management #algorithm ... workup #diagnosis #differential
Acute Diarrhea - Differential Diagnosis Framework
1)  Diagnostic studies only for dysentery, severe disease, >7 days
2)
Acute Diarrhea - ... Differential Diagnosis ... dysentery, severe disease ... #Diarrhea #Differential ... NonInfectious #Algorithm
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Appropriately Low ... Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea ... Refeeding Syndrome, Acute ... #nephrology #phosphorus
Shock - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Warm Extremities
 - Distributive Shock - Low JVP
Shock - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Distributive Shock - Low ... Left-sided Valvular Disease ... Vomiting • Diarrhea
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Hypophosphatemia - Differential ... paraproteinemia, acute ... Malabsorption, Chronic diarrhea ... • Normal or Low ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Hypernatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... loss • Watery Diarrhea ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology