30 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Osmotic diuresis (see ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... loss • Watery Diarrhea ... #Causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Normal Acid-Base: Low ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift
 • Recovery From DKA
 • Refeeding Syndrome
 • Acute Respiratory
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Small bowel diarrhea ... Steatorrhea • Chronic Diarrhea ... #endocrinology ... #causes
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
inhibitors Other causes ... transplant - SLE ... Ketoconazole Low ... #Hyperkalemia #Algorithm ... #differential #causes
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypercalcemia Low ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #endocrinology
Hyperthyroidism (low TSH, High T4/T3) - Diagnostic Algorithm

Radioactive iodine scan – get if concern for nodular
Hyperthyroidism (low ... ) - Diagnostic Algorithm ... management options (see ... Hyperthyroid #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Workup #Endocrinology
Shock - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Warm Extremities
 - Distributive Shock - Low JVP
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Distributive Shock - Low ... Vomiting • Diarrhea ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes
Breast Discharge - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High Prolactin + Normal TSH
 • Microprolactinoma
 • Steroid Hormone Intake
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Prolactin + Normal/ Low ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Endocrinology ... #Causes
Metformin Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action:
 • Suppresses gluconeogenesis by the liver
 • Increases insulin-mediated glucose utilization
agent • Does not cause ... hypoglycemia • Low ... effects (e.g. diarrhea ... by slow titration ... DM2 #diabetes #endocrinology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine Mg < 10g • Diarrhea ... Hypomagnesemia #Magnesium #Low ... #Causes #Differential