21 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Algorithm Cl- ... , a high urine chloride ... #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential ... #diagnosis
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
- Differential Diagnosis ... Sodium >145 mmol/L High ... Osmotic diuresis (see ... loss • Watery Diarrhea ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
- Differential Diagnosis ... Chloride Intoxication ... Loss of HCO3 - Diarrhea ... Surgical drains - Chronic ... #Workup #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
- Differential Diagnosis ... GI Absorption: Chronic ... Diarrhea, Antacids ... Inappropriately High ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... potassium #low #nephrology
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... algorithm Decreased ... renal failure • Chronic ... Normal, Renin High ... #algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Normal ... net charge) • Diarrhea ... RTA Type II • Carbonic ... MetabolicAcidosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Diarrhea B. ... loads (ammonium chloride ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
- Differential Diagnosis ... Malabsorption, Chronic ... diarrhea, Poor ... • Normal or High ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Cause ... NGT suction - Diarrhea ... • Fatigue Chloride ... #Nephrology #Chloride