19 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Osmotic diuresis (see ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... loss • Watery Diarrhea ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology ... #Causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... #nephrology #low
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... Gastrointestinal loss: Diarrhea ... #potassium #differential ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... losses (NG suction, diarrhea ... vomiting) • Low ... #nephrology #low ... #potassium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... the indicated causes ... of sodium and potassium ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... 2-2.5% or 24h Urine ... Mg < 10g • Diarrhea ... 2-2.5% or 24h Urine ... Hypomagnesemia #Magnesium #Low
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Causes of Non-Gap ... Loss (Negative urine ... net charge) • Diarrhea ... Cell Problem - Low ... MetabolicAcidosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... isolation) GI loss - Urine ... <20mmol/d • Diarrhea ... #Hypokalemia #Nephrology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... biliary fistula, Diarrhea ... osmotic diuresis, Potassium ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology ... #magnesium #low