23 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Normal Acid-Base ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... losses, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... #Algorithm #Causes ... #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
- Differential Diagnosis ... Congenital chloride diarrhea ... acidosis: Chronic diarrhea ... • Normal acid-base ... #Algorithm #causes
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Osmotic diuresis (see ... loss • Watery Diarrhea ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors(SNRIs): Mechanisms and Side Effects

Withdrawal: Dizziness, Diarrhea, Insomnia, Nausea, Vomiting
Serotonin Syndrome - Potentially Life
Withdrawal: Dizziness, Diarrhea ... , Insomnia, Nausea ... Vomiting Serotonin Syndrome ... Pathophysiology #Pharmacology ... SideEffects #Psychiatry #Diagnosis
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
- Differential Diagnosis ... Malabsorption, Chronic diarrhea ... Denosumab, Estrogen based ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
, Gitelman syndrome ... poisoning Normal acid-base ... the indicated causes ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea ... inhibitor, Estrogen based ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Differential Diagnosis ... NGT suction - Diarrhea ... secretion • Acid-base ... components of acid-base ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology