59 results
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hereditary:
 • Peripheral blood smear + DAT + further History
 •
Hemolytic Anemia ... Peripheral blood smear ... → Sickle Cell anemia ... anemia (TTP, HUS ... #Anemia #Differential
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
Anemia 1) DIAGNOSE ... AIHA • Anemia ... C3d • Blood smear ... 2) LOOK FOR a cause ... #Anemia #diagnosis
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Extravascular Causes ... anemia): ... ) - HELLP syndrome ... uremic syndrome ... diagnosis #hematology #anemia
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Causes of Anemia ... Poisoning • Anemia ... of Chronic Disease ... Marrow Failure • Anemia ... of Chronic Disease
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
Overall Approach to Anemia ... Deficiency • Aplastic Anemia ... • Anemia of Chronic ... Disease • Marrow ... Non-lmmune #Anemia
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
Framework for Anemia ... thalassemia • Anemia ... blood loss, Anemia ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Causes of Anemia ... Normal Blood Smear ... • Pernicious Anemia ... • Pernicious Anemia ... #Macrocytic #Anemia
Oroya Fever
Hematologic disease caused by Bartonella bacilliformis
Restricted to the Andes highlands of Peru & Ecuador
B. bacilliformis:
Fever Hematologic disease ... caused by Bartonella ... lysis → severe hemolytic ... anemia, jaundice ... TREATMENT: ​• Acute
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis
Secondary Thrombocytosis (a.k.a Reactive Thrombocytosis):
 • Acute infection
 • Solid organ
Causes of Thrombocytosis ... malignancies • Anemia ... iron deficiency, hemolysis ... hemorrhage) • Chronic ... Myelodysplastic syndrome
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Hemolysis - Differential ... Drug-associated, PCH, Evans Syndrome ... , Drugs, Liver Disease ... Defects: Sickle cell anemia ... Peripheral Blood Smear