37 results
Bradycardia Diagnostic and Management Algorithm

CONSIDER ETIOLOGY (not inclusive): 
 - STRUCTURAL: sick sinus, AV block, ischemia,
and Management Algorithm ... Hypothyroidism - TOX: beta-blockers ... TREATMENT - Drugs (beta-blockers ... Electrolytes (hyperkalemia ... #Bradycardia #Algorithm
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia ... inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers ... Sodium-channel blockers ... MunerMohamed1 #hyperkalemia ... differential #diagnosis #pathophysiology
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia ... transplant - SLE High ... - NSAlDs - Beta-Blockers ... #Hyperkalemia ... #Algorithm #diagnosis
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... potassium • Beta ... blockers • Antibiotics ... cell membrane - Beta ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... potassium • Beta ... blockers • Antibiotics ... cell membrane - Beta ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... cells: Insulin, Beta-Agonist ... Refeeding Syndrome #Hypokalemia ... potassium #low #pathophysiology
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... High or Normal ... Low PTH: • High ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Workup #nephrology
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Diagnosis Algorithm ... TTKG should be high ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... causes #potassium #high ... #pathophysiology
Drugs that Impair Renal Potassium Excretion 

Decreased ENaC channel function: Amiloride, Triamterene, Pentamidine
Decreased Aldosterone Synthesis: Heparin,
Release: NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers ... happypillsrx/ #Hyperkalemia ... #Pathophysiology
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... • Aldosterone blockers ... glycosides • High ... • Aldosterone blockers ... - MCW Nephrology