21 results
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Hypercalcemia ... increased bone Ca2+ resorption ... increased GI Ca2+ absorption ... #Causes #differential
Pharmacology of diuretics

Acetazolamide, Loop diuretics, Thiazide‐like diuretics, MRA, Amiloride

Site of Action, Maximum Dose, Half-Life, Onset, Bioavailability,
Half-Life, Onset, Bioavailability ... , Absorption # ... #Pharmacology #Comparison ... #Table #HalfLife
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy - Pathophysiology
PTH-mediated
 • Parathyroid cancer
 • Ectopic production: Small cell lung cancer, ovarian
Hypercalcemia of ... intestinal calcium absorption ... and stimulates resorption ... @kdjhaveri #Hypercalcemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #algorithm
Characteristics of Commonly Used Phosphate Binders 
Aluminum 
 - Potent and effective 
 - Useful for
- No systemic absorption ... - Significant absorption ... significant systemic absorption ... Phosphate #Binders #Table ... #Comparison #Pharmacology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #endocrinology
The following table from MacGregor (1997) summarizes the bioavailability of many commonly used antibiotics:
#EBM #Pharmacology #InfectiousDiseases
The following table ... summarizes the bioavailability ... #Antibiotics #Absorption ... PeakSerumLevels #Bioavailability ... #Table #first10em
Causes of Hypermagnesemia
Increased magnesium load
 - Magnesium-containing laxatives, antacids, or enemas
 - Treatment of pre-edampsia/eclampsia (mothers
Causes of Hypermagnesemia ... renal magnesium absorption ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... Hypermagnesemia #Causes
Causes of Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis
Decreased calcium absorption
 • Vitamin D deficiency
    -
Causes of Hypocalcemia ... Decreased calcium absorption ... Decreased intestinal absorption ... Rhabdomyolysis #Hypocalcemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Causes of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Environmental:
 • Toxin (organic solvents, mercury, lead)
 •
Causes of Recurrent ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Spontaneous #Abortion ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Obstetrics
Causes of Acute Pelvic Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Non-Gynecologic:
• Genitourinary (Infection, Stone)
• Gastrointestinal (Appendicitis, Gastroenteritis, Diverticulitis,
Causes of Acute ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Spontaneous abortion ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #OBGyn