60 results
Pharmacology of diuretics

Acetazolamide, Loop diuretics, Thiazide‐like diuretics, MRA, Amiloride

Site of Action, Maximum Dose, Half-Life, Onset, Bioavailability,
Acetazolamide, Loop ... Half-Life, Onset, Bioavailability ... , Absorption # ... Pharmacology #Comparison #Table ... HalfLife #Dosing #Loop
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions 
 - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
Isosmotic reabsorption ... organic acids and bases ... limb of Henle's loop ... limb of Henle's loop ... Pathophysiology #Tubules #Table
NSAIDS and their effects on the Kidney - Pathophysiology

Arachidonic Acid metabolites into alternative pathways that modify
• Increase Na reabsorption ... in Proximal, loop ... • Increase H2O absorption ... KidneyDisease #nephrology
The following table from MacGregor (1997) summarizes the bioavailability of many commonly used antibiotics:
#EBM #Pharmacology #InfectiousDiseases
The following table ... summarizes the bioavailability ... #Antibiotics #Absorption ... PeakSerumLevels #Bioavailability ... #Table #first10em
Magnesium Absorption and Pathophysiology 
Magnesium Absorption: 
 • absorbed in the GIT — small intestine, Saturable
Magnesium Absorption ... Pathophysiology Magnesium Absorption ... ascending limb of loop ... #Magnesium #Absorption ... Mg #transport #nephrology
Diuretics - Pharmacology

Thiazides diuretics:
 • Inhibit Na+ Cl- cotransporter in distal tubule
 • Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide,
Metolazone Loop ... • Inhibit Na+ reabsorption ... #Pharmacology #nephrology ... #conversion #loop ... #thiazide #classes
Management of SIADH
Treat underlying cause:
 • Causes can include pain, primary lung pathology, post-operative phenomenon, medications,
Treat underlying cause ... : • Causes can ... passive sodium reabsorption ... ascending limb of the loop ... #hyponatremia #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... • Thiazide or loop ... in loop of Henle ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology
Summary of Diuretic Agents 
Subclass, Drug, Mechanism of Action, Effects, Clinical Applications, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicities, Interaction
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
empagliflozin LOOP ... Pharmacology #summary #table ... #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Decreased intake/absorption: Starvation, Alcoholism, Malabsorption, Phosphate binder use
 • Redistribution/
Decreased intake/absorption ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology #phosphate