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diagnosis differential hematology hyperkalemia nephrology potassium high management algorithm classification hba1c syndrome treatment @dharsaty abnormal blood color deficiency dermatology discoloration
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c == False Elevation == Decreased RBC turnover • Iron, B-12,
Causes of False ... Elevation == Decreased ... blood loss • Hemolytic ... anemia • Splenomegaly ... #DM2 #Differential
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes Intravascular Hemolysis: • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Extravascular Causes ... anemia): ... HUS) • Other: Transfusion ... implicated) - Transfusion ... Extravascular #Causes
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hereditary: • Peripheral blood smear + DAT + further History •
Hemolytic Anemia ... → Sickle Cell anemia ... disease, drugs, transfusions ... anemia (TTP, HUS ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Causes of Anemia with Normal Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Decreased WBCs - Decreased/NormaI
Causes of Anemia ... Diagnosis Algorithm Decreased ... WBCs - Decreased ... Bleed • Hemolysis ... Microangiopathic Hemolytic
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
Transfusion Thresholds ... Hemolysis on labs ... Causes purpura & ... TRALI): Leading cause ... more likely to cause
Differential Diagnosis for Hemolytic Anemia Intrinsic Causes: • Enzyme deficiencies ex. G6PD, pyruvate kinase • Hemoglobinopathies
Diagnosis for Hemolytic ... Anemia Intrinsic ... prosthetic valve • Transfusion ... udaygulati #Hemolytic ... #Anemia #Differential
TTP - Laboratory Evaluation for Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura Activity of von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease activity - A
Mild-to-moderate decrease ... in most cases; ... result in severe anemia ... Platelet count - Decreased ... anemia Indirect
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
venipuncture • Hemolysis ... Poorly controlled DM ... - Transfusion ... Blood transfusion ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
venipuncture • Hemolysis ... Poorly controlled DM ... - Transfusion ... Blood transfusion ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis Increased extracellular K+: • Tissue injury • Hemolysis • Rhabdomyolysis •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... Tissue injury • Hemolysis ... intake • Blood transfusion ... of injection Decreased ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
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