24 results
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
Causes of False ... -12, or folate deficiency ... Content • RBC Transfusions ... blood loss • Hemolytic ... #Decrease #Diagnosis
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Diagnostic Framework ... Extravascular Causes ... HUS) • Other: Transfusion ... G6PD deficiency) ... Extravascular #Causes
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Recent IV potassium ... Mineralocorticoid deficiency ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #potassium
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
Transfusion Thresholds ... recipients w/ IgA deficiency ... Causes purpura & ... products contain potassium ... #diagnosis #management
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hereditary:
 • Peripheral blood smear + DAT + further History
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... DAT (-) → G6PD Deficiency ... disease, drugs, transfusions ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #causes
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Recent IV potassium ... Mineralocorticoid deficiency ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #potassium
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... algorithm Decreased ... diet • Blood transfusion ... • Tumor lysis/hemolysis ... #Hyperkalemia #Diagnosis
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
recipients w/ IgA deficiency ... Causes purpura & ... TRALI): Leading cause ... products contain potassium ... #diagnosis #management
Causes of Anemia with Normal Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased WBCs
 - Decreased/NormaI
Causes of Anemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Decreased ... WBCs - Decreased ... • Early Iron Deficiency
Causes of Hyperkalemia
Pseudohyperkalemia
 - Tourniquet use
 - Hemolysis (in vitro)
 - Leukocytosis
 - Thrombocytosis
Intra- to extracellular
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Tourniquet use - Hemolysis ... drugs - Transfusion ... tissue necrosis Decreased ... #diagnosis #differential