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diagnosis differential hyperkalemia nephrology potassium management algorithm hematology product reactions anemia bite blister burrcells cabotrings chatter clinical codocytes criticalcare dacrocytes
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c == False Elevation == Decreased RBC turnover • Iron, B-12,
Causes of False ... Elevation == Decreased ... Hypertriglyceridemia • Uremia High ... turnover • Acute blood ... loss • Hemolytic
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
Blood Product Transfusions ... Transfusion Thresholds ... Causes purpura & ... TRALI): Leading cause ... High mortality.
Blood Transfusion Reactions Immune Mediated: • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
Blood Transfusion ... Causes purpura & ... TRALI): Leading cause ... High mortality. ... more likely to cause
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis Increased extracellular K+: • Tissue injury • Hemolysis • Rhabdomyolysis •
Tissue injury • Hemolysis ... glycosides • High ... dietary intake • Blood ... transfusion • ... of injection Decreased
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
phlebotomy High ... Crush injury • Blood ... Blood transfusion ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm Decreased renal potassium excretion • Acute renal failure • Chronic renal failure • Drugs Increased
Diagnostic algorithm Decreased ... Potassium-rich diet • Blood ... transfusion • ... Tumor lysis/hemolysis ... Normal, Renin High
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
phlebotomy High ... Crush injury • Blood ... Blood transfusion ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high
Several artifacts can cause significant and potentially misleading alterations to measured RBC parameters: 1. Old samples
falsely high Hgb ... Hemolysis causes ... PCV to decrease ... PCV and MCV to decrease ... Poikilocytosis #CabotRings #Acanthocytes
Intracranial Hemorrhage (ICH) and Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) - Pathophysiology ICH Management: 1. Manage Blood Pressure •
) because they increase ... consider platelet transfusion ... reduces CPP) • High ... = dilated BV = raises ... High ICP: 20.
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
glomerulonephritis; HUS = hemolytic-uremic ... content [85].2>5 red blood ... cells/high-power ... field + acanthocytes ... Nephrocalcinosis causes
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