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diagnosis differential hyperkalemia potassium management acanthocytes algorithm bite blister blood cabotrings codocytes dacrocytes dm2 drepanocytes echinocytes elevated elevation elliptocytes false
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c == False Elevation == Decreased RBC turnover • Iron, B-12,
Causes of False ... Hypertriglyceridemia • Uremia High ... Content • RBC Transfusions ... blood loss • Hemolytic ... #Decrease #Diagnosis
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
Transfusion Thresholds ... Causes purpura & ... TRALI): Leading cause ... High mortality. ... more likely to cause
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis Increased extracellular K+: • Tissue injury • Hemolysis • Rhabdomyolysis •
Tissue injury • Hemolysis ... glycosides • High ... intake • Blood transfusion ... of injection Decreased ... blockers - MCW Nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
phlebotomy High ... - Transfusion ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Several artifacts can cause significant and potentially misleading alterations to measured RBC parameters: 1. Old samples
falsely high Hgb ... Hemolysis causes ... PCV to decrease ... PCV and MCV to decrease ... #Echinocytes #BurrCells
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm Decreased renal potassium excretion • Acute renal failure • Chronic renal failure • Drugs Increased
Diagnostic algorithm Decreased ... diet • Blood transfusion ... • Tumor lysis/hemolysis ... Normal, Renin High ... Diagnosis #algorithm #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
phlebotomy High ... - Transfusion ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Intracranial Hemorrhage (ICH) and Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) - Pathophysiology ICH Management: 1. Manage Blood Pressure •
consider platelet transfusion ... reduces CPP) • High ... = dilated BV = raises ... High ICP: 20. ... Pathophysiology #neurology
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