14 results
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
Causes of False ... Content • RBC Transfusions ... blood loss • Hemolytic ... Effect • RBC Transfusions ... #Decrease #Diagnosis
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
Transfusion Thresholds ... Causes purpura & ... TRALI): Leading cause ... more likely to cause ... #diagnosis #management
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... Tissue injury • Hemolysis ... intake • Blood transfusion ... of injection Decreased ... #Causes
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
blood donor • Pathophysiology ... without other cause ... • Pathophysiology ... , and CXR with pulmonary ... Reactions #hematology #diagnosis
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
- Differential Diagnosis ... massive blood transfusion ... mental status, decreased ... tidal volume, decreased ... #differential #diagnosis
Causes of Iron Deficiency - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Blood loss: GI (cancer, ulcer, IBD), GU
Causes of Iron Deficiency ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Intravascular hemolysis ... athletic training, Pulmonary ... MALABSORPTION • Decreased
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
- CHF - Pulmonary ... action potential threshold ... -DPG -> - hemolysis ... Refeeding #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
- Differential Diagnosis ... Framework NCPE Pathophysiology ... Causes include: ... edema) • Transfusion-related ... #differential #diagnosis
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Overview

Increased Clotting and Consumption of Clotting Factors

Findings:
 • Bleeding
 • Recent history
incompatible blood transfusion ... protein C and S Pathophysiology ... Treat primary cause ... #Coagulation #diagnosis ... #causes #treatment
Thiamine Deficiency - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Clinical Manifestations

Causes of Thiamine Deficiency:
 • Poor intake:
	- Diets
- Differential Diagnosis ... Manifestations Causes ... pyruvate & lactate decrease ... HF • Moderate pulmonary ... beriberi #nutrition #pathophysiology