40 results
Mechanism of Action for Common Diabetes Medications

 • SGLT2i (Dapagliflozin)
 • TZD (Pioglitazone)
 • Biguanides (Metformin)
#Medications #pharmacology ... #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Nephron - Diuretic Sites of Action

Source Text: https://www.sciencedirect.com/book/9780323449427/critical-care-nephrology#book-info

#Nephron #Diuretics #Site #Action #Location #Nephrology #Pathophysiology #Pharmacology
Sites of Action Source ... Location #Nephrology #Pathophysiology ... #Pharmacology
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Effect in Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium - Net Effect Hypercalcemia:
   ↑ intestinal
absorption ↑ bone ... Hypophosphatemia: ↑ bone ... Calcium #Phosphorus #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
A schema of the pathophysiology of the inborn errors of metabolism, excluding complex storage diseases. Helps
schema of the pathophysiology ... connections and pathophysiology ... images/5172 Source ... MetabolicEmergency #Genetics #Pathophysiology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Differential
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - Differential ... Miscellaneous - Bone ... Hypercalcemia #Differential ... Algorithm #causes #endocrinology
Initial treatment of renal bone disease and cinacalcet for secondary hyperparathyroidism
Phosphate binders reduce hyperphosphataemia and hyperparathyroidism.
treatment of renal bone ... which reduces bone ... #Pharmacology #Pathophysiology
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy - Pathophysiology
PTH-mediated
 • Parathyroid cancer
 • Ectopic production: Small cell lung cancer, ovarian
of Malignancy - Pathophysiology ... resorption in the bone ... resorption in the bone ... Hypercalcemia #Malignancy #Pathophysiology ... #Differential #
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
easily/weakness, Bone ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis #endocrinology ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis and Management
PTH Independent (↑ PTH)
 • LOW VIT D
    -
- Accelerated Bone ... Formation: Hungy Bone ... Diagnosis #Management #endocrinology ... #differential #
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
#hyperkalemia #differential ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #pharmacology #