20 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #differential # ... #causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Al, High R - Secondary ... #Differential # ... #nephrology #causes
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Secondary Causes ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... syndrome • AKI/CKD ... Hyperthyroidism • Hypercalcemia ... #Nephrology #Differential
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - Causes ... Hyporeflexia: • Hypercalcemia ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table ... #neurology
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Potassium-Binding ... patients sensitive to high ... aspiration #Potassium #Binding ... #pharmacology #table ... #comparison #binders
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Weakness, fatigue, nausea ... hyponatremia, hyperkalemia ... insufficiency likely: • High ... baseline ACTH - Secondary
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
Kidney Disease - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hyperoxaluria • Hypercalcemia ... Hyperphosphatemia #CKD ... #Causes
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Hyperuricemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Drug-induced • High ... Sarcoidosis • Hypercalcemia ... endocrinology #causes
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... phlebotomy High ... : • CKD • Poorly ... diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology