27 results
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) - Differential Diagnosis Table

Warm AIHA (48-70%)
Cold AHA (16-32%)
 • Donath-Landsteiner HA (paroxysmal
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... AIHA (48-70%) Cold ... HA (paroxysmal cold ... hemoglobinuria) • Cold ... #hematology
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia:
 • Mechanism: IgG and Complement-mediated
 • Etiology:
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune ... Immunosuppression, Splenectomy Cold ... BostonChiefs #Warm #Cold ... #Anemia #hematology ... #diagnosis #comparison
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Causes of Extravascular ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Warm AIHA • Cold ... Complement-Mediated • Cold ... #Causes #Hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Extravascular Causes ... Autoimmune (AIHA)"Cold ... (e.g. primary cold ... Extravascular #Causes ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cold Agglutinin ... 3 Types of Cold ... Cold Agglutinins ... Primary Secondary Cold ... anemia • Cold
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - ... , Acute spinal cord ... finding in spinal cord ... Hyperreflexia #Testing ... #diagnosis #table
Differential Diagnosis for Hemolytic Anemia
Intrinsic Causes:
 • Enzyme deficiencies ex. G6PD, pyruvate kinase 
 • Hemoglobinopathies
Diagnosis for Hemolytic ... • AIHA: warm, cold ... udaygulati #Hemolytic ... #classification ... #hematology
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Agglutination - Cold ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #workup #hematology ... #testing
Cold Urticaria
Prevalence - 0.05% in the population
Disease onset - Mostly 2nd to 4th decades of life
Causes
Cold Urticaria Prevalence ... skin contact with cold ... minutes after the cold ... 10.1111/all.14674 #Cold ... #comparison #table
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Artery Disease • Stable ... • Asthma • COPD ... Pneumonia • ARDS • COPD ... #Causes