31 results
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm ... Normal, Renin High ... hypoplasia Aldosterone high ... l/type 2 • Type ... Hyperkalemia #Diagnosis #algorithm
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
tubular acidosis (Types ... and 2, but not type ... Diagnosis #Low #Potassium ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... TTKG should be high ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #high #pathophysiology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... tubular acidosis (type ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm ... #potassium
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification:
CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers:
 • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
Vaughan Williams Classification ... repolarization CLASS 3 - Potassium ... receptors, and Ca ... #Pharmacology #Classification ... #Classes #pathophysiology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis
Chloride depletion syndromes
 • Gastrointestinal losses
    -
Causes of Metabolic ... chloridorrhea - High-volume ... dehydrogenase type ... syndrome • Severe potassium ... depletion (serum potassium
Digoxin Pharmacology and Pathophysiology
1) Na/K ATPase Pump - Digoxin works by directly binding to and inhibiting
increase. 2) The Na/Ca ... increase, the Na+2/Ca ... intracellular calcium causes ... Hyperkalemia (high ... potassium levels
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
leading to slow Ca ... Vaughan Williams Classification ... repolarization CLASS 3 - Potassium ... #Pharmacology #Classification ... #Classes #pathophysiology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... treated with IV potassium ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... urinary losses: • High