47 results
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
Cardiac: • Valvular ... heart disease ... (< 5% pts with afibb ... disease, left ventricular ... #diagnosis #management
Tetralogy of Falot on Chest X-Ray
Tetralogy of Falot comprises four defects -
1. Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
2.
typical boot shaped heart ... caused the upturned cardiac ... the most common cardiac ... Diseases. ... Chest #XRay #CXR #clinical
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
- Differential Diagnosis ... Palpitations Diagnosis ... supraventricular or ventricular ... tachycardia • Ventricular ... /Afib/WPW) • Loss
Myocarditis
Diagnosis 
• Endomyocardial biopsy (gold standard, rarely performed) 
• Clinical presentation 
• Cardiovascular MRI 
Clinical 
•
Myocarditis Diagnosis ... performed) • Clinical ... Cardiovascular MRI Clinical ... shock, sudden cardiac ... death Management
Ventricular fibrillation (V-fib or VF) is when the heart quivers instead of pumps due to disorganized
Ventricular fibrillation ... when the heart ... It results in cardiac ... Ventricular fibrillation ... #Clinical #MedStudent
Sarcoidosis 
Non-caseating granulomas (Composed of T-helper & inflammatory cells) 
Clinical:
 • Disease fatal in 10% of
inflammatory cells) Clinical ... : • Disease fatal ... lupus pernio • Cardiac ... : Heart failure, ... #Sarcoidosis #Diagnosis
Adult-Onset Still's Disease
Clinical triad: Fever, Arthralgia/arthritis, Skin rash ± odynophagia
+ Biological inflammation: Increased neutrophils, Hyperferritinemia, decreased
Adult-Onset Still's Disease ... Clinical triad ... Differential Diaqnoses ... , DIC, TMA • Cardiac ... #diagnosis #management
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy - Diagnosis and Causes
Clinical: Dyspnea, Exercise Intolerance, ↑ "Right Sided-Symptoms" (ascites, hepatomegaly, ↑↑peripheral edema)
Physical
Cardiomyopathy - Diagnosis ... and Causes Clinical ... Echocardiography, Cardiac ... MRI, Cardiac Catheterization ... Endomyocardial: Carcinoid Heart
Graves Disease - Autoimmune Hyperthyroidism
Epidemiology: Most common cause of hyperthyroidism, Incidence peaks at 30-50
Diagnosis: 
1 )
Graves Disease - ... peaks at 30-50 Diagnosis ... Clinical Presentation ... younger>older), A Fib ... #management #endocrinology
CHADSVASc Score - Stroke Risk in Atrial Fibrillation

A clinical mnemonic to estimate stroke risk in atrial
Fibrillation A clinical ... C Congestive heart ... Thromboembolism V Vascular disease ... #Fibrillation #AFib ... #CHADS2VASc #Diagnosis