9258 results
Type IV Hypersensitivity: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Definition: Unique because it is entirely T-Cell mediated; exposure to
Pathogenesis and clinical ... is entirely T-Cell ... exposure to allergen causes ... allergen-specific T-Cell ... harmful -> Th Cells
Tree in Bud Sign
The Tree-in-Bud sign represents Endobronchial spread in a linear branching pattern and centrilobular
It is caused by ... actually seen in all causes ... pneumonia, congenital causes ... bronchioalveolar cell ... Sign #diagnosis #clinical
Nucleated red blood cells, aka normoblasts or erythroblasts, were released prematurely from the bone marrow in
Nucleated red blood cells ... other nucleated cells ... fetus/newborn the causes ... maturation of red cell ... #Clinical #Path
Aortitis - Diagnosis and Workup
Clinical History:
 - Fever, weight loss, deterioration of general health
 - Aortic
Diagnosis and Workup Clinical ... depending on the cause ... diseases: Giant cell ... #Differential #Causes
Cotton Wool Spots

Caused by microinfarcts. Exploded ganglion cell axons extrude their axoplasm into retina. Long DDx:
Wool Spots Caused ... Exploded ganglion cell ... ophthalmology #Clinical
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
Activation of CD8 T cells ... accumulation of clinical ... Assessment • Clinical ... lymphoma, B-cell ... Drugs, Unknown cause
Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Medical Comorbidities Malignancies (most commonly hairy-cell leukemia)
Immunogenetic Predisposition: patient is
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... commonly hairy-cell ... Viral replication causes ... vascular endothelial cells
When to look for clonal/neoplastic hypereosinophilia (HEo)?
 - Exclusion of frequent causes (Drug-induced HEo, helminthiasis, cancer,
Exclusion of frequent causes ... ) - Clinical symptoms ... Cytopenia, Other cell ... BM biopsy (Mast cells
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
Pathogenesis and clinical ... -> Endothelial cell ... lymphoma, sickle cell ... retinal edema caused ... Retina • Ganglion cells
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) - Recognition of giant cell arteritis (GCA)

1) Is visual loss caused
Recognition of giant cell ... Is visual loss caused ... the optic nerve caused ... Clinical manifestations