24 results
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia:
 • Mechanism: IgG and Complement-mediated
 • Etiology:
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune ... Immunosuppression, Splenectomy Cold ... BostonChiefs #Warm #Cold ... #hematology #diagnosis ... #comparison
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) - Differential Diagnosis Table

Warm AIHA (48-70%)
Cold AHA (16-32%)
 • Donath-Landsteiner HA (paroxysmal
Diagnosis Table ... AIHA (48-70%) Cold ... HA (paroxysmal cold ... hemoglobinuria) • Cold ... #hematology
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
Dyspnea - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... - Asthma - COPD ... : - Anemia • ... #diagnosis #causes
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cold Agglutinin ... Cold Agglutinins ... anemiaCold ... younger pts) Differential ... #hematology #diagnosis
Acute and Chronic Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis
Pulmonary/Chest Wall:
 • Acute: Trauma, COPD exacerbation, Asthma
Diagnosis Pulmonary ... Acute: Trauma, COPD ... Chronic: Asthma, COPD ... Tamponade • Chronic: Anemia ... : Tumor, Vocal cord
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Warm AIHA • Cold ... Complement-Mediated • Cold ... immune-complex hemolytic anemia ... #Causes #Hematology
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Chronic Dyspnea - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Asthma • COPD ... Pneumonia • ARDS • COPD ... - Other • Anemia
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Iron deficiency anemia ... Cell Agglutinate: Cold ... , Paroxysmal cold ... RBC #Morphology #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology
Differential Diagnosis for Hemolytic Anemia
Intrinsic Causes:
 • Enzyme deficiencies ex. G6PD, pyruvate kinase 
 • Hemoglobinopathies
Differential Diagnosis ... for Hemolytic Anemia ... • AIHA: warm, cold ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #causes
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Diagnostic Framework ... Autoimmune (AIHA)"Cold ... (e.g. primary cold ... Extravascular #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology