232 results
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy - Casts ... Acellular Casts ... • Hyaline Casts ... "Muddy Brown" Casts ... interpretation #diagnosis
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Algorithmic Approach ... sterile pyuria, WBC casts ... proteinuria, granular casts ... Nephritis #AIN #Algorithm ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
microscopy • Red cell casts ... • White cell casts ... infection • Hyaline casts ... disease • Granular casts ... #nephrology #casts
Algorithm for diagnostic evaluation of patients with kidney cysts and polycystic kidney disease

#polycystic #kidney #disease #cysts
Algorithm for diagnostic ... patients with kidney cysts ... kidney #disease #cysts ... #Algorithm #diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework
PRERENAL:
 - Intrarenal vasoconstriction-hemodynamically mediated
 - Systemic vasodilation
 - Volume
- Differential Diagnosis ... white blood cell casts ... renal tubular cell casts ... or pigmented casts ... stones, crystals, tumors
The fourth pattern includes abnormalities that result in decreased lung attenuation or air-filled lesions.
These include:
- Emphysema
-
Emphysema - Lung cysts ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... TractionBronchiectasis #Cysts ... Emphysema #SignetRing #RadiologyAssistant
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
hematuria (RBC casts ... Syndrome #Comparison #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Bone Lesion on X-Ray - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Exostotic
 • Osteochondroma
Asymptomatic &/or Non-Active Bone Scam
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Exostotic ... Unicameral Bone Cysts ... Aneurysmal Bone Cysts ... #Algorithm #Orthopedics
Overview of Pancreatic Cysts
True Epithelial Cyst
Serous Cystadenoma (SCA)
Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm (MCN)
Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm (IPMN)
Cystic Neuroendocrine
of Pancreatic Cysts ... Neuroendocrine Tumors ... #Pancreatic #Cysts ... #differential #diagnosis
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Algorithm and Differential ... Diagnosis of Macroscopic ... RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... neck, prostatic) #Diagnosis ... #Differential #Algorithm