571 results
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Algorithmic Approach ... sterile pyuria, WBC casts ... proteinuria, granular casts ... Nephritis #AIN #Algorithm ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy - Casts ... Acellular Casts ... • Hyaline Casts ... Cellular Casts: ... • RBC Casts -
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Algorithm and Differential ... RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... Diagnosis #EM #IM #Urology ... #Macroscopic #Differential ... #Algorithm #Ddxof
Granular & “Muddy Brown” Casts on Urine Microscopy
A. Finely granular cast B. slightly coarser granular cast
“Muddy Brown” Casts ... Finely granular cast ... of mb granular casts ... Granular #MuddyBrown #Casts ... Microscopy #Clinical #Nephrology
Causes of Facial Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Forehead Sparing = Central cause
  - Most commonly
Weakness - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Intracranial tumor ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #neurology
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
Causes of Dizziness ... - Vertigo - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes
Primary Bone Tumors - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 

Metastatic - Most common tumour in adults
 - Breast
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Orthopedics ... #Causes #Oncology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
and Diagnosis Algorithm ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... if cause not identified ... Hematuria #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Workup #urology
Acute Kidney Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework
PRERENAL:
 - Intrarenal vasoconstriction-hemodynamically mediated
 - Systemic vasodilation
 - Volume
Kidney Injury - Differential ... white blood cell casts ... renal tubular cell casts ... or pigmented casts ... stones, crystals, tumors
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Causes of Acute ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Epithelial cell casts ... Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes