26 results
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... Cancer: • Leukemia ... : • Systemic lupus ... Differential #Diagnosis #Hematology
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... transformation to acute leukemia ... only curative treatment ... #hematology #oncology
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Spurious:
 • Artifact (redo CBC)
Autonomous:
 • Essential thrombocytosis
 • Polycythemia
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia ... disorders • Celiac disease ... effect following treatment ... Iron deficiency anemia ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
→ Refer to hematology ... hemolysis, deficiency anemia ... Rebound effect from treatment ... Kawasaki, Nephrotic syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hematology
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Summary
Antinuclear (ANA) - 95% - Initial screening test
Anti-dsDNA - 50%
 • Associated
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ... block • Sjogren syndrome ... Treatment: • ... #Systemic #Lupus ... Summary #diagnosis #rheumatology
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) - Summary
Overview: 
 • Most common leukemia in adults
 • Disorder of
• Most common leukemia ... 5) Symptoms of anemia ... chemotherapy for low-risk disease ... marrow failure with anemia ... #oncology #hematology
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
cells can indicate disease ... • Neutropenia, anemia ... microglobulin Treatment ... diagnosis #workup #oncology ... #hematology
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
• Systemic lupus ... with leukopenia, anemia ... Treatment: • Corticosteroids ... Diagnosis #Management #Hematology ... #Rheumatology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
) - HELLP syndrome ... Hemolytic uremic syndrome ... usually IgG) (e.g. lupus ... differential #diagnosis #hematology ... #anemia
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Demyelinating Syndrome ... Cerebrovascular Disease ... Puncture, EEG Treatment ... CNS #neurology #rheumatology ... diagnosis #management #treatment