14 results
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
Leg Pain - Differential ... Sciatica • Tarsal tunnel ... diagnosis #lower ... #extremity #msk ... #physicalexam
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
hyperextension -> Upper extremity ... Primarily Upper Extremity ... Mixed upper and lower ... signs #symptoms #msk ... #orthopedics #neurology
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
Lower Extremity ... • Cauda Equina Syndrome ... - Low back pain ... Neuropathy - Foot drop ... damage to peroneal nerve
Upper Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Motor Function
Shoulder:
 • Abduction - C5,C6 (axillary)
 • Adduction - C6, C7,
Upper Extremity ... Wrist drop - Occurs ... Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ... Myotomes #diagnosis #neurology ... sensory #motor #arm #physicalexam
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
compression of nerve ... • Provocative Tests ... absent anal wink test ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Causes of Hemiplegia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cerebral Hemisphere (Contralateral motor cortex)
 • Aphasia
 • Apraxia
 •
• Decreased Level ... contralateral extremity ... Brown-Sequard Syndrome ... sensory loss to pain ... #Hemiplegia #Neurology
Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS)
(aka: Landry–Guillain–Barré–Strohl syndrome:
	Most common cause of acute flaccid paralysis
	Rapidly progressive ascending paralysis & areflexia
	Autonomic
Guillain–Barré syndrome ... moves rapidly from lower ... Differential diagnosis ... prominent cranial nerve ... Transverse myelitis: Pain
Rare Causes of Abdominal Pain
 • Hereditary Angioneurotic Edema - Recurrent visceral that may by swelling
Mediterranean Fever ... - Extremely lean ... purpura of the lower ... Abdominal cutaneous nerve ... #differential #
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Cord Disorders - Differential ... reported at level ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... , lower extremity ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology
Ober's Test for TFL/ITB Inflammation

With the patient in the lateral position, affected side up.  The
hip, then slowly lowers ... the knee will drop ... Iliotibial #Band #Syndrome ... clinical #video #physicalexam ... #sports #msk #orthopedics