61 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
polyneuropathy (e.g ... Guillain-Barré syndrome ... Hyperreflexia: • Hypocalcemia ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #neurology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Defining the cause ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology #potassium
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... blockers - MCW Nephrology ... #Causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #nephrology
Causes of Pediatric Constipation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Dietary / Functional:
 • Insufficient Volume / Bulk
Neurologic:
 •
Causes of Pediatric ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Volume / Bulk Neurologic ... Withholding • Painful (e.g ... Guillain-Barré Syndrome
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Syndrome ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Syndrome ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Hypokalemia # ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... use), Gitelman's syndrome ... chloroquine, steroids, etc ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Familial: Bartter syndrome ... and Gitelman syndrome ... with secondary, hypocalcemia ... #causes #nephrology