36 results
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... AKI - Differential ... Diagnosis HEMODYNAMIC ... #causes #Acute ... #nephrology
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Simplified Approach to Acute ... dialysis indication (e.g ... require urgent nephrology ... Nephrotoxic drugs (e.g ... #nephrology
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Polyneuropathy, Acute ... stroke, Acute spinal ... polyneuropathy (e.g ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #neurology
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute Thiamine (B1) Deficiency 
Clinical Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 out of 4):
- Acute Thiamine ... Deficiency Clinical Diagnosis ... abnormalities (eg ... B1 #Deficiency #diagnosis ... #criteria #neurology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... • Drugs • Pulmonary ... • Reduced GFR, AKI ... Uosm < 100 mmol/kg ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... • Drugs • Pulmonary ... • Reduced GFR, AKI ... Uosm < 100 mmol/kg ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute B1 (Thiamine) Deficiency - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 of
Wernicke Encephalopathy ... - Acute B1 (Thiamine ... dysfunctions ( e.g ... Cerebellar dysfunction (e.g ... #Management #neurology
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
symptoms and signs (e.g ... • Hypertensive encephalopathy ... CNS infection (e.g ... arteritis • Acute ... #Algorithm #neurology
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
suggestive of acute ... colored compounds (e.g ... heme, bilirubin, etc ... Urine #Microscopy #nephrology ... interpretation #diagnosis
Approach to Possible Hypertensive Emergency

criteria required to diagnose hypertensive emergency
(1) Severe hypertension
 - Usually a MAP
mm is needed to cause ... patients who have acute ... hypertension (e.g ... , such as: - Acute ... - Pulmonary edema