51 results
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Chemotherapy (e.g ... Liver disease, Etc ... disorders, Oxidative drugs ... #differential #diagnosis ... #hematology #microscopy
Drugs Implicated in Hemolytic Anemia
 • Hapten (Drug binding to RBC membrane): Penicillin, Cephalosporin, Tetracycline, Tolbutamide,
in Hemolytic Anemia ... binding to RBC ... #medications #Hemolytic ... #diagnosis #pharmacology ... #table
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
- Differential Diagnosis ... , PCH, Evans Syndrome ... Membrane Defects, Drugs ... Defects: Sickle cell anemia ... #hematology
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Blood Smear • Drugs ... Increased Requirement (e.g ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Diagnostic Framework ... ) - HELLP syndrome ... infection) - Drugs ... • Intrinsic RBC ... #hematology #anemia
Causes of Anemia with Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased Heme Synthesis or
Causes of Anemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... HgbE, HgbC, etc. ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 
Decreased Megakaryopoiesis
 • Aplastic Anemia
 • Toxic Damage (e.g.
- Differential Diagnosis ... Megakaryopoiesis • Aplastic Anemia ... methotrexate) • Drugs ... Non-lmmune: • HELLP Syndrome ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Reticulocyte Production Index = (Retic %) x (Hct / 45) / Maturation Factor
The maturation factor is
transform into a RBC ... . drugs, chemotherapy ... , Intrinsic RBC ... Production #Index #hematology ... #diagnosis #calculation
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
- Cytotoxic drugs ... - Antithyroid medications ... Pancytopenia: • ↓ RBC ... #oncology #hematology ... #diagnosis #management
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework by MCV

Microcytic (MCV < 80) "TAILS":
 • Thalassemia
- Differential Diagnosis ... Spherocytosis, G6PD, PK, HbC ... Orotic aciduria, Drugs ... (e.g., hydroxyurea ... #hematology