20 results
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
- Differential ... • Cold AIHA ... AIHAPCH ... Prosthetic heart valves ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) - Differential Diagnosis Table

Warm AIHA (48-70%)
Cold AHA (16-32%)
 • Donath-Landsteiner HA (paroxysmal
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Differential Diagnosis ... Agglutinin Disease ... Differential #Diagnosis ... #Table #hematology
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Hemolysis - Differential ... HELLP - Grafts, Valves ... , Cold AIHA, Transfusion ... Defects, Drugs, Liver ... Diagnosis #hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
- Autoimmune (AIHA ... )"Cold" (usually ... (e.g. primary cold ... Extravascular #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Treatment
Warm AIHA:
1) Steroids - 1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily
   • Until
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... esp if severe disease ... , Splenectomy, MMF ... azathioprine Cold ... Treatment #management #hematology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Cell Agglutinate: Cold ... autoimmune hemolytic ... anemia, Paroxysmal cold ... RBC #Morphology #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology
Differential Diagnosis for Hemolytic Anemia
Intrinsic Causes:
 • Enzyme deficiencies ex. G6PD, pyruvate kinase 
 • Hemoglobinopathies
Extrinsic Causes: • Liver ... disease • Hypersplenism ... • AIHA: warm, ... cold, drug induced ... classification #hematology
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
women • 15% of AIHA ... Viral Infection Clinical ... younger pts) Differential ... Hemoglobinuria (PCH ... #hematology #diagnosis
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
- Differential ... Bilirubin: RBC (hemolysis ... LDH: Heart, RBC (hemolysis ... injury #hepatitis #differential ... diagnosis #algorithm #hepatology
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Elevated Liver Enzymes ... - Differential ... • Drugs • AIH ... • Cholestatic disease ... Others #LFTs #Hepatology