32 results
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
HELLP - Grafts, Valves ... Drug-associated, PCH ... , Evans Syndrome ... Defects: Sickle cell anemia ... #Diagnosis #hematology
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Treatment
Warm AIHA:
1) Steroids - 1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily
   • Until
(AIHA) Treatment ... esp if severe disease ... , Splenectomy, MMF ... #AIHA #Treatment ... #management #hematology
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential ... • PCH ... immune-complex hemolytic anemia ... Prosthetic heart valves ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA ... • Blood smear: Differential ... screening 3) TREAT AIHA ... #diagnosis #management ... #treatment #rheumatology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
) - HELLP syndrome ... - Autoimmune (AIHA ... Extravascular #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology ... #anemia
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
Platelet Count - Differential ... hemolysis, deficiency anemia ... Rebound effect from treatment ... Vasculitides, IBD, Celiac disease ... Kawasaki, Nephrotic syndrome
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) - Summary
Overview: 
 • Most common leukemia in adults
 • Disorder of
5) Symptoms of anemia ... chemotherapy for low-risk disease ... AIHA, PRCA) • Treatment ... Leukemia #oncology #hematology ... hemeonc #diagnosis #management
Paraproteinemias

Entities That Can Feature A Monoclonal Protein/M Component:
• MM
• WM
• MGUS
• MGCS
• MGRS
• Splenic Marginal Zone
• Heavy Chain disease ... Coagulopathy) SMZL: • AIHA ... (-) hemolytic anemia ... Paraproteinemias #Hematology ... #Monoclonal #Differential
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
women • 15% of AIHA ... Cold Agglutinin Syndrome ... • Symptoms of anemia ... younger pts) Differential ... #hematology #diagnosis
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
) Differential Diagnosis ... Arthritis, AS Treatment ... monoclonal TNF-aIpha ... #diagnosis #management ... signs #symptoms #rheumatology