31 results
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
Diagnosis: • ... • Neutropenia, anemia ... microglobulin Treatment ... • Richter’s Syndrome ... #workup #oncology
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... Allogeneic stem cell ... #Management #treatment ... #hematology #oncology
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Diagnosis Framework ... HELLP - Grafts, Valves ... Drug-associated, PCH ... , Evans Syndrome ... anemia, Thalassemias
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
formed or don’t work ... Workup: • Complete ... blood count with differential ... #diagnosis #hematology ... #oncology
Dyspnea - Considerations with Malignancy
Directly Malignancy Related:
 - Lymphangitic spread to lung
 - Malignant pleural effusion
metastases Treatment ... : - Heart valves ... - Cytopenias (anemia ... dyspnea #algorithm #differential ... #diagnosis #oncology
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Sickle cell ... Cold AIHA • PCH ... immune-complex hemolytic anemia ... Prosthetic heart valves
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis
Secondary Thrombocytosis (a.k.a Reactive Thrombocytosis):
 • Acute infection
 • Solid organ
Diagnosis Secondary ... malignancies • Anemia ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... Myelofibrosis (MF ... myeloid leukemia (CML
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cold Agglutinin Syndrome ... lymphoid malignancy (CLL ... • Symptoms of anemia ... anemia • Cold ... younger pts) Differential
Hyperviscosity Syndrome - Causes and Treatment

 - Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (most common) / Plasmapheresis 
 - Multiple
Hyperviscosity Syndrome ... transformation (CML ... - MH/CCF/CWRU EM ... #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Treatment
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
Differentiation Syndrome ... • Induce blast cell ... initiation • Differential ... fluid overload, PCC ... management #hematology #oncology