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diagnosis differential acute blood nephritis nephrotic proteinuria sle syndrome urology workup ain aki biopsy comparison crystals dipstick erythematosus glomerular glucosuria
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
sediment Microscopic ... sediment by microscopy ... : - RBC casts ... • Stone • Stricture ... #urology #nephrology
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Causes of Hematuria ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... blood cells on urine ... RBCs and/or RBC casts ... #Causes
Granular & “Muddy Brown” Casts on Urine Microscopy A. Finely granular cast B. slightly coarser granular cast
“Muddy Brown” Casts ... of mb granular casts ... Granular #MuddyBrown #Casts ... #Clinical #Nephrology ... #Sediment
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
and Diagnosis Algorithm ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... → Refer to Nephrology ... if cause not identified ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive) • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
sterile pyuria, WBC casts ... eosinophiluria, microscopic hematuria ... proteinuria, granular casts ... /RTE; blend sediment ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes. Step
the patient has hematuria ... (RBC casts or dysmorphic ... RBCs in urine)? ... Syndrome #Comparison #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... sediment - WBC/ ... RBC casts ... sediment ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Lupus Nephritis - Diagnostic approach to kidney disease associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) SLE patient develops
• Nephritic urine ... sediment (dysmorphic ... RBCs, RBC casts ... , WBC casts) especially ... #sle #nephrology
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
sediment and color ... • Ketones • ... • Urinary casts ... #UNa #casts #glucosuria ... #hematuria
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
cell/white cell casts ... sediment may or ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... Hematuria may be ... nephrotic #syndrome #nephrology
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