14 results
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
the patient has hematuria ... (RBC casts or dysmorphic ... RBCs in urine)? ... Syndrome #Comparison #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Algorithmic Approach ... eosinophiluria, microscopic hematuria ... /RTE; blend sediment ... #AIN #Algorithm ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
hematuria. ... RBC casts in urine ... severe cases ... may be in nephrotic ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... blood cells on urine ... RBCs and/or RBC casts ... • Hereditary nephritis ... and >3.5g/day (nephrotic
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
sediment Microscopic ... sediment by microscopy ... : - RBC casts ... : • Stone • ... causes #urology #nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
and Diagnosis Algorithm ... unilateral flank pain ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... → Refer to Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Lupus Nephritis - Diagnostic approach to kidney disease associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
SLE patient develops
urine sediment ... dysmorphic RBCs, RBC casts ... , WBC casts) especially ... #diagnosis #algorithm ... #sle #nephrology
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
Algorithm - Approach ... cell/white cell casts ... urine sediment ... Hematuria may be ... #syndrome #nephrology
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
urine sediment ... • Ketones • ... • Urinary casts ... #UNa #casts #glucosuria ... #hematuria
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... microscopy / urinary sediment ... investigations depending on clinical ... • Interstitial nephritis ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology