70 results
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Fanconi's syndrome ... RBC casts ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... Diagnosis Baseline ... / urinary sediment ... investigations depending on clinical ... Diagnosis #nephrology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... sediment Microscopic ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... #urology #nephrology ... #renal #urine #
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome ... hematuria (RBC casts ... dysmorphic RBCs in urine ... #Comparison #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Diagnosis Algorithm ... (late) • High Urine ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Diagnosis Algorithm ... (late) • High Urine ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Causes
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased Serum K, Urine pH < 5.5 - Proximal RTA
Decreased
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Tubular #Acidosis #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis ... Algorithm • Confirm ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... → Refer to Nephrology ... for renal biopsy
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
and concentrated urine ... tubulointerstitial nephritis, renal ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome ... #Differential # ... Microscopy #Diagnosis
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... potassium #low #nephrology