344 results
Acute Kidney Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework
PRERENAL:
 - Intrarenal vasoconstriction-hemodynamically mediated
 - Systemic vasodilation
 - Volume
Acute Kidney Injury ... Framework PRERENAL: - Intrarenal ... urinary outflow - Extrarenal ... retroperitoneal fibrosis - Intrarenal ... appropriate) #Acute #Kidney
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Acute and chronic kidney ... nephropathy Extrarenal
Dilated Extra-Renal Pelvis on POCUS
Patient with simple renal cyst but also with impressively dilated extra renal
RJonesSonoEM #Dilated #ExtraRenal ... clinical #nephrology #kidney
Medications causing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration: Diuretics
 • Altered intrarenal autoregulation: ACEIs / ARBs,
causing Acute Kidney ... Diuretics • Altered intrarenal ... cyclosporine, tacrolimus) Intrarenal ... #AKI #Acute #Kidney
NSAID vs ACEI/ARB effects on the Kidneys

Remember that NSAIDs and ACEI/ARB therapy have opposing effects on
effects on the Kidneys ... effects on the kidneys ... contribute to kidney ... patients with normal kidney ... used for their kidney
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... hepatorenal syndrome) Intrarenal ... #AKI #Acute #Kidney
Diagnosis of Hypokalemia - Differential Algorithm 

Categorized by Causes: Redistribution, Extrarenal Losses, Renal Losses (High and
Redistribution, Extrarenal
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal ... Volume Status Extrarenal
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia

Hypokalemia
- Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment
  -
bicarbonate - Extrarenal ... Hypomagnesemia - Extrarenal
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
access to water Extrarenal