2726 results
Acute Kidney Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework
PRERENAL:
 - Intrarenal vasoconstriction-hemodynamically mediated
 - Systemic vasodilation
 - Volume
Framework PRERENAL: - Intrarenal ... urinalysis, labs - Management ... renal biopsy - Management ... urinary outflow - Extrarenal ... ultrasonography - Manaqement
Hepatorenal Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Who gets HRS?
 • Decompensated cirrhosis
 • Typically with existing
Diagnosis and Management ... • Splanchnic/extrarenal ... HRS #Diagnosis #Management
Diagnosis of Hypokalemia - Differential Algorithm 

Categorized by Causes: Redistribution, Extrarenal Losses, Renal Losses (High and
Redistribution, Extrarenal
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal ... Volume Status Extrarenal
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia

Hypokalemia
- Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment
  -
bicarbonate - Extrarenal ... Hypomagnesemia - Extrarenal
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
nephropathy Extrarenal
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
access to water Extrarenal
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Bartter's syndrome Extrarenal
Medications causing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration: Diuretics
 • Altered intrarenal autoregulation: ACEIs / ARBs,
Diuretics • Altered intrarenal ... cyclosporine, tacrolimus) Intrarenal
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
UNa < 20: • Extrarenal