78 results
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
cold agglutin disease ... e.g. sickle cell disease ... Hypersplenism, Wilson's disease ... Extravascular #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hereditary:
 • Peripheral blood smear + DAT + further History
 •
Hemolytic Anemia ... - Differential ... • Peripheral blood ... malignancy, autoimmune disease ... #Anemia #Differential
Peripheral Blood Smear Analysis
Hypochromia
Megaloblastic Anemia
Schistocytes: Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (e.g. DIC, TTP, HUS)
Microspherocytes: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Sickled red
Peripheral Blood ... Microangiopathic hemolytic ... cells: Sickle cell disease ... #Peripheral #Blood ... Smear #Analysis #hematology
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic ... reticulocytes • Hemolysis ... type ± C3d • Blood ... smear: Differential ... Anemia #diagnosis #management
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) - Differential Diagnosis Table

Warm AIHA (48-70%)
Cold AHA (16-32%)
 • Donath-Landsteiner HA (paroxysmal
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Anemia (AIHA) - Differential ... Cold Agglutinin Disease ... #Autoimmune #Hemolytic ... Diagnosis #Table #hematology
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... - Differential ... Consider sickle cell disease ... #Anemia #Differential ... Algorithm #workup #hematology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Red Blood Cell ( ... , McLeod blood group ... Microangiopathic Hemolytic ... RBC #Morphology #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology
Algorithm for workup of thrombocytopenia based on observation of the peripheral blood film. 
TTP/HUS indicates thrombotic
the peripheral blood ... thrombocytopenic purpura/hemolytic ... thrombocytopenia, Hematology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Hemolysis - Differential ... , Drugs, Liver Disease ... - Peripheral Blood ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #hematology
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Treatment
Warm AIHA:
1) Steroids - 1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily
   • Until
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... > 10, no more hemolysis ... esp if severe disease ... AIHA #Treatment #management ... #hematology