15 results
Reticulocyte Production Index = (Retic %) x (Hct / 45) / Maturation Factor
The maturation factor is
deficiencies: Iron deficiency ... , Vitamin B12, Folate ... Microangiopathic hemolytic ... , G6PD deficiency ... differential #diagnosis #calculation
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework by MCV

Microcytic (MCV < 80) "TAILS":
 • Thalassemia
-100): • Non-hemolytic ... , CKD • Hemolytic ... Megaloblastic: Folate ... deficiency, B12 ... deficiency, Orotic
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Intravascular Hemolysis ... Defects • G6PD deficiency ... • PK deficiency ... within circulation ... anemia
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Vitamin B12 or Folate ... deficiency, Liver ... Microangiopathic Hemolytic ... spherocytosis, Autoimmune hemolytic ... Cold autoimmune hemolytic
Algorithm for the evaluation of macrocytic anemia. (RBC = red blood cell; MMA = methylmalonic acid.)
Physicians
Hemorrhage or hemolysis ... if vitamin B12 deficiency ... but undiagnosed, folate ... occur with B12 deficiency ... #VitaminB12 #Folate
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Causes of Anemia ... 80 fL) • Iron Deficiency ... • Bleeding • Hemolysis ... 100 fL) • B12 Deficiency ... • Folate Deficiency
Etiologies of Folate Deficiency
 • Decreased dietary intake - uncommon in this era
 • Increased requirements
Deficiency • Decreased ... pregnant have hemolytic ... anemia, or psoriasis ... deficiency are ... deficiency.
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
Iron, B-12, or folate ... deficiency • ... Hypertriglyceridemia • Uremia ... blood loss • Hemolytic ... anemia • Splenomegaly
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
Diseases: • GATA2 deficiency ... • Fanconi’s anemia ... Antibody-mediated hemolysis ... Vitamin B12 • Folate ... deficiency Infections
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency ... • Vitamin E - Haemolytic ... anaemia, ataxia ... paraesthesiae • Folate ... #Vitamins #Deficiency