15 results
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure - Diagnosis and Treatment Algorithm
Diagnosis: Ferritin <100 ng/mL (absolute ID) OR
Diagnosis and Treatment ... patients with HFrEF ... iron #deficiency #CHF ... #HFrEF #heartfailure ... algorithm #cardiology #treatment
Traditionally, congestive heart failure has been classified according to severity of symptoms, first formulated by the
STAGES of CHF (A ... Stage D CHF is frequently ... sometimes advanced treatment ... Diagnosis #Cardiology #CHF ... HeartFailure #Staging #Classification
Acute and Chronic Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis
Pulmonary/Chest Wall:
 • Acute: Trauma, COPD exacerbation, Asthma
Acute and Chronic Causes ... decompensated CHF ... Pericarditis, CAD, HFrEF ... /HFpEF, Intracardiac ... hernia, Obesity CNS
Short Stature - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Variant, Normal Puberty Onset (BA = CA)
 • Familial Short
Panhypopituitarism Treatment ... CRF) • Infection ... Cystic Fibrosis, CHF ... Anorexia Nervosa • CNS ... endocrinology #causes
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
→ Inflammation causes ... functional ID) Treatment ... iron #deficiency #CHF ... #HFrEF #heartfailure
TOPCAT - Spironolactone for Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

N Engl J Med 2014; 370:1383-1392 https://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMoa1313731

CONCLUSIONS:
ejection fraction, treatment ... cardiovascular causes ... Spironolactone #HFpEF ... #dCHF #Cardiology
In order to better classify heart failure, the American College of Cardiology Foundation and the American
Association functional class ... of the ACC/AHA Classification ... With treatment, ... Diagnosis #Cardiology #CHF ... #Stages #Classes
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
temporal evolution, CSF ... present in 15% of cases ... Antimicrobial treatment ... hemorrhage • CSF ... comparable to CSF
CSF Penetration of Antimicrobials

Despite the poor CSF penetration, beta-lactams have the most research documenting successful treatment
CSF Penetration ... documenting successful treatment ... other antibiotic classes ... FDA-approved for UTI treatment ... outcomes when used in treatment
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
and infects the CNS ... mononuclear cells in the CNS ... blood-brain barrier Classic ... : • Increased CSF ... Treatment: • HAART