38 results
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
and Reduction in HbA1c ... Elevation == Decreased ... • End-stage renal ... Elevation #Reduction #HbA1c ... #Increase #Decrease
NSAIDS and their effects on the Kidney - Pathophysiology

Arachidonic Acid metabolites into alternative pathways that modify
Vasoconstriction and decreased ... renal blood flow ... : Pre renal AKI ... KidneyDisease #nephrology ... pathophysiology #renal
Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) Diagnosis and Management
 • Distal (type 1) RTA
 • Proximal (type 2)
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... 4) RTA #rta #Renal ... Diagnosis #Management #nephrology ... #table
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased Serum K, Urine pH < 5.5 - Proximal RTA
Decreased
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... Diagnosis Algorithm Decreased ... - Proximal RTA Decreased ... = Hyperkalemic Renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Algorithm Cause - Decreased ... - Diarrhea • RENAL ... gas transport, renal ... acidosis - Cl⁻ decrease ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Diagnostic algorithm Decreased ... renal potassium ... excretion • Acute renal ... failure • Chronic renal ... Diagnosis #algorithm #nephrology
Table 1 includes a comprehensive list of essential live kidney donor medical testing.

#Diagnosis #Nephrology #LivingDonor #Kidney
Table 1 includes ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology ... LivingDonor #Kidney #Renal
Definitions of AKI, CKD, AKD
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI):
 • Increase in SCr by 2 50% within
Injury (AKI): • Increase ... 7 days, OR • Increase ... months, OR • Decrease ... per 1.73 m2 • Stable ... #Definitions #nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
hyperproteinemia DECREASED ... HYPOVOLEMIC • extra-renal ... - fevers • renal ... nephrotic syndrome • renal ... Workup #Algorithm #Nephrology
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Epithelial Cells Renal ... Pseudohypoaldosteronism - Decreased ... receptor Distal renal ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Differential #Table