14 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Increased Urinary ... Loss Decreased ... causes #potassium #low ... #pathophysiology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Decreased filling ... of bucket (low ... all the time (urinary ... Causes #workup #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Intake: • Low ... - Gitelman SIGNS ... #Pathophysiology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... - AKI Workup Algorithm ... urine microscopy / urinary ... calcium Optional: urinary ... clinical context and signs
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Appropriately Low ... Excretion: • Decreased ... Refeeding Syndrome, Acute ... • N Vitamin D: Primary
Causes of Nephrolithiasis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Radio-opaque - Calcium-containing - 90% of stones
Radiolucent - Non-calcium 10%
Nephrolithiasis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... of stones: • Urinary ... ingestion Stones with decreased ... #Differential #
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Decreased renal ... excretion • Acute ... Renin High: • Primary ... #nephrology #potassium ... #differential
Varicocele: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Primary:
 - Anatomically: the left spermatic vein drains into the left renal
Obstruction of blood flow ... Valsalva maneuver (decreases ... #Varicocele #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms ... #Urology #Diagnosis
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
spine • MCC- acute ... symptoms: • Severe low ... the bladder for urinary ... disturbances - decreased ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary ... Chloride Algorithm ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... acidosis-induced decreased ... #nephrology #differential