9 results
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
Signs of anemia ... and hemolysis: ... Immune-mediated Hemolysis ... Anemias (AIHAs) ... Nonimmune-mediated Hemolysis
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Intravascular Hemolysis ... and RES-mediated hemolysis ... Intravascular - Hemolysis ... anemia • ... malformations #Hemolysis
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
AIHAAnemia ... reticulocytes • Hemolysis ... screening 3) TREAT AIHA ... #management #treatment ... #rheumatology
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Treatment
Warm AIHA:
1) Steroids - 1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily
   • Until
Anemia (AIHA) Treatment ... > 10, no more hemolysis ... #Anemia #AIHA # ... Treatment #management ... #hematology
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
women • 15% of AIHA ... anemia • Cold ... • Compensated hemolysis ... intravascular hemolysis ... #anemia #hematology
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... blood loss, Acute hemolysis ... , deficiency anemia ... Rebound effect from treatment ... Inflammatory Conditions: Rheumatologic
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
with no early symptoms ... Physical Exam/Signs ... • Neutropenia, anemia ... thrombocytopenia • AIHA ... microglobulin Treatment
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
those coming off aorta ... systemic sx + signs ... systemic complaints- anemia ... Treatment of GCA ... them, but urgent rheumatology
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
purpura: Strong sign ... < 30 years • Aorta ... pulmonary infiltrates, hemoptysis ... infiltrates/cavities, hemoptysis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Rheumatology