29 results
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
Hemolytic Anemias ... of anemia and hemolysis ... Immune-mediated Hemolysis ... Hemolytic Anemias ... Hemolytic Anemias
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Framework for Hemolysis ... Intravascular Hemolysis ... anemia): ... Extravascular Hemolysis ... diagnosis #hematology #anemia
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hereditary:
 • Peripheral blood smear + DAT + further History
 •
Hemolytic Anemia ... → Sickle Cell anemia ... Immune mediated hemolysis ... anemia (TTP, HUS ... #Anemia #Differential
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Treatment
Warm AIHA:
1) Steroids - 1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily
   • Until
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Anemia (AIHA) Treatment ... > 10, no more hemolysis ... esp if severe disease ... #Hemolytic #Anemia
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework by MCV

Microcytic (MCV < 80) "TAILS":
 • Thalassemia
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia ... Sideroblastic anemia ... ACD, Aplastic anemia ... - Extrinsic: Autoimmune ... MatthewHoMD #Anemia
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... Consider sickle cell disease ... elliptocytosis, autoimmune ... hemolysis) ARUPConsult ... #Anemia #Differential
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
Congenital Diseases ... deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... Inflammatory and Autoimmune ... Antibody-mediated hemolysis
Reticulocyte Production Index = (Retic %) x (Hct / 45) / Maturation Factor
The maturation factor is
Index < 2: • Anemia ... Chronic kidney disease ... Retroperitoneal, Uterine • Hemolysis ... : Autoimmune, Microangiopathic ... hemolytic anemia
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Hemolysis - Differential ... Membrane): - Autoimmune ... Drug-associated, PCH, Evans Syndrome ... Defects: Sickle cell anemia ... Urobilinogen #Hemolysis
Elevated Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

LDH is a cytoplasmic enzyme present in tissues throughout
bloodstream Hemolysis ... Anemias: - Spherocytosis ... anemia, PNH, immune ... hemolysis • Ineffective ... - Pernicious anemia