34 results
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Parathyroid hormone–dependent ... failure, acute or chronic ... Hypercalcemia #Causes ... #Differential #
Breast Discharge - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High Prolactin + Normal TSH
 • Microprolactinoma
 • Steroid Hormone Intake
Breast Discharge - Differential ... Microprolactinoma • Steroid Hormone ... Intake • Chronic ... Breast #Discharge #Differential ... Endocrinology #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential ... inappropriate antidiuretic hormone ... : • Acute or chronic ... #Hyponatremia #Differential
Causes of Low Vitamin B12 Levels
Low vitamin B12 intake - Vegetarianism, chronic alcoholism and older people
Autoimmune
Causes of Low Vitamin ... Vegetarianism, chronic ... Atrophic gastritis, chronic ... contraceptive, hormone ... low #cobalamin #differential
Chronic Cough - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red Flags:
 • Fever, night sweats, chills (infection)
 • Weight loss,
Chronic Cough - ... Differential Diagnosis ... lymadenopathy, clubbing, chest ... #Cough #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Causes of Chronic ... Dyspnea - Differential ... Chest Wall Abnormalities ... Metabolic Acidosis #Chronic ... #Dyspnea #SOB #Differential
Etiologies of Hypoaldosteronism

Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Low Renin, Low Aldosterone)
 - Diabetic Nephropathy 
 - NSAIDs
Non-Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Normal
Inhibitors - Chronic ... Hypoaldosteronism #Differential ... #Aldosterone #Comparison ... #Table #Causes
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acute or chronic ... Differentials? ... Compensation, Acute vs Chronic ... tubular acidosis/Chronic ... MDaniyalHashmi1 #AcidBase
Acute and Chronic Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis
Pulmonary/Chest Wall:
 • Acute: Trauma, COPD exacerbation, Asthma
Acute and Chronic ... Causes of Dyspnea ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Pulmonary/Chest ... #Causes #Differential
Causes of Polycythemia (Erythrocytosis) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative - Normal RBC Mass / Decreased Plasma Volume
Causes of Polycythemia ... Erythrocytosis) - Differential ... Smoking, Snoring Chronic ... Sleep Apnea • Chronic ... Erythrocytosis #Differential