18 results
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA)

WARM AHA
- Primary - Idiopathics
- Secondary
Infectious
 • Viral- HIV, EBV, HCV, HEV
 •
- Secondary Infectious ... • Viral- HIV, ... alpha-methyldopa COLD ... - Secondary Infectious ... AIHA #Diagnosis #Differential
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
- Due to Viral infection ... Polyclonal - Viral Infection ... Check For: • Infections ... Polyclonal IgM post infectious ... Mycoplasma, EBV, HIV
Reticulocyte Production Index = (Retic %) x (Hct / 45) / Maturation Factor
The maturation factor is
B12, Folate • Hormone ... (e.g. cancer, infection ... G6PD deficiency), Infections ... Production #Index #hematology ... #anemia #differential
Differential Diagnosis for Hemolytic Anemia
Intrinsic Causes:
 • Enzyme deficiencies ex. G6PD, pyruvate kinase 
 • Hemoglobinopathies
Differential Diagnosis ... for Hemolytic Anemia ... • AIHA: warm, cold ... drug induced • Infections ... #Differential #
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
(e.g. primary cold ... Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection ... spherocytosis) • Infections ... Extravascular #Causes #differential ... #anemia
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential ... Warm AIHA • Cold ... circulation - Infections ... immune-complex hemolytic anemia ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 
Decreased Megakaryopoiesis
 • Aplastic Anemia
 • Toxic Damage (e.g.
Thrombocytopenia - Differential ... Megakaryopoiesis • Aplastic Anemia ... Quinidine • HIT ... Vasculitis • Infection ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Hemolysis - Differential ... Autoimmune: Warm AIHA, Cold ... Internal (RBC) - Infections ... Defects: Sickle cell anemia ... #Diagnosis #hematology
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Neutropenia - recurrent infections ... Anticonvulsants - Gold ... Idiopathic • Infections ... - HIV • Immune ... #oncology #hematology
Causes of Thrombocytopenia and Platelet Disorders - Differential Diagnosis and Workup
History:
 - Prior platelet count, family
Platelet Disorders - Differential ... procedures - Infection ... practices that could ... peripheral blood smear, HIV ... changes), high MCV anemia